Chemical Class: thiocarbamate
Mode of Action: Inhibits acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, which is essential in conversion of acetaldehyde to acetic acid.
Immediate Effects: Skin, eye and respiratory tract irritants; skin sensitizers; hyperactivity; central nervous system depression; bloody diarrhea; general weakness. Thiram is the methyl analog of disulfiram, used in drug therapy for alcoholics. In combination with alcohol, disulfiram quickly induces flushing, restlessness, anxiety, headache, nausea, vomiting, hyperventilation, constriction sensation in the neck, chest pain, sweating, thirst, weakness, vertigo, and possible circulatory collapse, coma, and death. These reactions may occur when thiram and alcohol exposure coincide.
Long Term Effects: Protein-deficient animals are more susceptible to toxicity of some thiocarbamates; carcinogens; mutagens; delayed neurotoxicity; testicular and ovarian effects; kidney damage; sperm damage; teratogen; fetotoxin; anemia. Ethylene thiourea (ETU), a transformation product of some thiocarbamates, is characterized as a carcinogen, mutagen, teratogen, and goiterogen (causes thyroid damage).
Environmental Effects: ETU is a groundwater contaminant.
Examples of pesticides in this class:
Pesticides marked with this icon 
are listed in the Environmental Protection Agency Toxics Release Inventory.